A faction is a coalition of nation states that are allied to each other.
Rules
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A country may only create a new faction if the respective country rule is enabled. At the start of the game the three existing faction leaders 
德意志国, the 
联合王国 and the 
苏维埃联盟, along with the 
美利坚合众国, have this rule. Other nations gain the capability to form their own factions through their national focus trees.
Joining a faction is again limited by country rules. Depending on ideology and national spirits, countries need various amounts of world tension before they can join or ask someone to join a faction.
Faction members share military access with one another and see accurate intelligence in the diplomacy screen of their allies.
Factions rules can amend some country rules such as the ability to justify war goals on other countries of the same ideology or which actions are allowed in peace conferences.
Faction members can choose to leave a faction, but this causes a significant relations modifier faction traitor (-75 relations). A faction member cannot leave while fighting a war on the side of other members. The faction leader may kick another country out even while at war or disband the faction altogether if it contains no other members than themselves and their subjects. If the faction leader ceases to exist, the largest remaining member takes over.
If a country fights alongside major allies, it will only surrender once all of the majors in the faction have capitulated. For instance if Poland joined the Allies, it will not surrender before the United Kingdom and France capitulate, and will instead continue on as a government-in-exile.
Faction leader
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A faction leader in HOI4 is the leader of a faction. The default faction leaders in-game are the 联合王国 leading the Allies, 德意志国 leading the Axis and the 苏维埃联盟 leading the Comintern. They are usually joined by 
日本 leading the Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere, and 
中华民国 leading the Chinese United Front.
If the faction leader ceases to exist, the largest remaining member takes over.
Diplomatic Actions
The faction leader may kick another country out even while at war or disband the faction altogether if it contains no other members than themselves and their subjects.
Assuming Leadership
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只适用于DLC炮手就位激活时。 |
To be able to take over leadership in the faction they are in, a country must:
- Have more than twice the deployed manpower of the faction leader (subjects count, but at varying strength depending on autonomy)
- Have more than 150% of the factories of the faction leader
- Be in every war the faction leader is currently in
- Not having capitulated already
After paying 200 
政治点数, the country can become faction leader, with all the benefits it entails.
同盟国
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The Allies are the main democratic faction, led by the United Kingdom.
| 1936 | 1939 | Possible members |
|---|---|---|
Axis
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The Axis are the main fascist faction, led by Germany.
| 1936 | 1939 | Possible members |
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| 德意志国
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Comintern
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The Third Communist International, abbreviated as the Comintern, is the main communist faction, led by the Soviet Union.
| 1936 | 1939 | Possible Members |
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Chinese United Front
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The Chinese United Front is a smaller faction that may be formed by Nationalist China in order to unite the Chinese against the Japanese invaders. Note that it does not exist in the 1936 start date. The United Front will be formed by 中华民国, which will annex the Warlords states (except Sinkiang) and 
中华人民共和国 will annex 
晋系. With 
Waking the Tiger, the Chinese United front can be formed by both 中华民国 and 
中共 and will not only include those two nations but also the Warlord cliques ( 晋系, 
西北三马, 
滇系, 
桂系 and 
新疆).
| 1936 | 1939 |
|---|---|
| – |
| 1936 | 1939 |
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| – |
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
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The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (formerly known as Daitoa Kyoeiken) is a faction formed by 日本 after following the focuses Purge the Kodoha Faction and Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. It's formed with the objective of creating a Pan-Asian bloc led by Japan.
- Starting members
| 1936 | 1939 | Possible members |
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| – |
Other possible factions
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All countries (except the 
英属印度 with 
共赴胜利) can acquire the ability to create factions through their national focus tree. In general, these have no default name, with the player choosing a name when inviting the first member. Several specific factions, inspired by counterfactual history, do have pre-set names, however, and are listed below.
Novus Imperium Romanum
The Novus Imperium Romanum (a mistranslation of 'New Roman Empire') is a faction that may be formed by 
意大利 after taking the national focus 'Italy First'.
- Possible members
The Berlin-Moscow Axis
Can be created by the German Reich after the National Focus 'Alliance with the USSR', this alliance will be comprised of 德意志国 and the 苏维埃联盟.
- Possible members
Anti-Soviet Pact
If the 苏维埃联盟 attacks a signatory of the Anti-Soviet Pact, Germany can create a faction of the same name.
- Possible members
Little Entente
The Little Entente is a faction that can be formed by 
法国 with the 'Strengthen the Little Entente' National Focus. When this faction is formed, France won't join the Allies. Based on the pre-WW2 alliance with the objective of preventing Hungary rearming and/or a Habsburg restoration in Austria.
- Possible members
Stresa Front
If 法国 chooses the focus 'Ratify the Stresa Front', they can form the alliance with 意大利 and potentially the 联合王国.
- Possible members
Międzymorze
Active with Poland's unique focus tree available through the free DLC with the 'The Between the Seas Concept'. It will be formed by 
波兰 and can be expanded to include the Baltic states. The faction has bases on the historical idea of the Intermarium, in Polish Międzymorze, a plan created by politician Józef Piłsudski in which the Eastern European countries that broke free from Russian control would create a federation between the Baltic and Black seas. In the game, however, the Międzymorze is only a military alliance.
- Possible members
Factions added in Together for Victory
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只适用于DLC共赴胜利激活时。 |
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Northern Sovereignty Coalition
If 
加拿大 chooses to become independent from the 联合王国 and become fascist it can either join the Axis or support fascism in 
墨西哥 and create the Northern Sovereignty Coalition. Doing this can give a favorable outcome in a war with the 美利坚合众国.
- Possible members
North-American Alliance
If 加拿大 remains democratic but becomes independent and leaves the Allies, it can invite the 美利坚合众国 into a new democratic faction called the North-American Alliance.
- Possible members
The South-West Pacific Initiative
An independent, democratic 
澳大利亚 can invite the 美利坚合众国 into this faction.
- Possible members
Western Pacific Sphere
An independent, fascist 澳大利亚 can invite 日本 (if not in a faction) into this faction.
- Possible members
Daitoa Kyoeiken
An independent, fascist 
新西兰 can invite 日本 (if not in a faction) into this faction.
- Possible members
African People's Union
An independent, communist 
南非 can form this faction. It has no default members and will have only South Africa at the game start, however, they can conquer colonies from 
葡萄牙, 
比利时 and the 联合王国 to create puppets.
- Possible members
Factions added in Death or Dishonor
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只适用于DLC玉碎瓦全激活时。 |
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Pan-Slavic Worker's Congress
If 
南斯拉夫 becomes communist, it can invite nearby minors into its faction.
- Possible members
Union of Communist Soviets
If 
匈牙利王国 takes the focus "The Revolutionary Council", they will form this faction.
- Possible members
- 匈牙利王国 (automatic)
Czech Entente
An independent, democratic 
捷克斯洛伐克 can invite 
罗马尼亚王国, 南斯拉夫, and 匈牙利王国 into this faction.
Pact of Rome
An independent, fascist 匈牙利王国 can invite 
奥地利 and 意大利 into this faction. However, it is important to note that 意大利 will still be able to form its own faction.
- Possible members
Cordon Sanitaire
When 罗马尼亚王国 chooses the focus of the same name, this faction will form, with 波兰 and 捷克斯洛伐克 being invited.
- Possible members
Balkan Entente
If 罗马尼亚王国 doesn't accept the Hungarian Rearmament they can create the Balkan Entente with 捷克斯洛伐克 and 南斯拉夫.
- Possible members
Balkan Pact
匈牙利王国 can create this faction by taking the focus of the same name and later invite 罗马尼亚王国.
- Possible members
House Bernadotte
If 匈牙利王国 takes the focus "Elect a Democratic King" and becomes democratic, they or 
瑞典 will get the option to form a faction if the other one is at war.
- Possible members
Bucharest Accords
罗马尼亚王国 can create this faction after taking the focus "Align Hungary".
- Possible members
Factions added in Waking the Tiger
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只适用于DLC唤醒猛虎激活时。 |
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Central European Alliance
If 德意志国 chooses to oppose Hitler and reestablish democratic elections, it will eventually create the Central European Alliance in opposition to the Soviets and eventually offer membership to a number of non-fascist, non-communist countries across Europe.
Anti-Communist Bloc
德意志国 can take the focus "Tackle the Communist Threat" to create this faction.
- Possible members
Central Powers
If 德意志国 chooses to oppose Hitler and reestablish the German monarchy, then it will form this faction and attempt to restore 
奥匈帝国 and reestablish monarchy in 意大利.
Asian Communist Solidarity
Can be created by 日本 after going communist.
- Possible members
Mutual Assistance Bloc
If 中共 decides to go down the "Agrarian Socialism" route of its focus tree, they will eventually create this faction. Potential members are any communist nation in China, like 新疆.
- Possible members
Government of National Defense
If 中共 takes the focus "Government of National Defense", they can form this faction with main China.
- Possible members
The New International
If after 日本 completes the focus "Join Comintern" the 苏维埃联盟 is not in a faction or not communist, Japan will form this faction.
- Possible members
The Old Alliance
If after 日本 completes the focus "Rekindle the Old Alliance" the 联合王国 is not in a faction or not democratic, 日本 will form this faction and invite the 联合王国.
- Possible members
The People's Front
If the 苏维埃联盟 decides to support a warlord, 中共 doesn't accept defeat and they are separated by another country (typically 西北三马), that country may support 中共 and form this faction.
- Possible members
West Pacific Treaty Organization
If 日本 takes the focus of the same name, they will form this faction.
- Possible members
- 日本 (automatic)
Factions added in Man the Guns
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只适用于DLC炮手就位激活时。 |
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Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
If the 美利坚合众国 takes the focus "Hemisphere Defense", they will form this faction and automatically invite all Latin American nations of its ideology into it.
- Possible members
Anglo-Italian Pact
If the 联合王国 becomes fascist, they can invite 意大利 to this faction.
- Possible members
British Communist Alternative
If the 联合王国 becomes communist but doesn't align with the Soviet Union, they can form this faction.
- Possible members
- 联合王国 (automatic)
Commonwealth of Nations
加拿大 automatically creates and invites 澳大利亚, 新西兰 and 英属印度 to this faction if the 联合王国 becomes fascist, communist or non-aligned.
- Possible members
The Coalition
加拿大 can create this faction if the 美利坚合众国 becomes fascist and threatens British Columbia. It will invite friendly countries, especially those that are at war with the United States.
- Possible members
- 加拿大 (automatic)
Coalition of Free Commonwealth States
If the 联合王国 decides to decolonize but is at war alongside its former colonies against a common enemy, then one of its colonies (priority given to 加拿大) may create this faction and possibly invite former colonies to it.
- Possible members
Hispanic Alliance
If 墨西哥 becomes fascist under the Gold Shirts, it can invite Latin American countries to this faction.
- Possible members
Synarchist Pact
If 墨西哥 becomes fascist under the synarchists, it can invite Latin American countries to this faction.
- Possible members
Bolivarian Alliance
If 墨西哥 becomes communist, it can invite Latin American countries to this faction.
- Possible members
4th International
If 墨西哥 becomes communist and decides to create a new international, they can form this faction.
- Possible members
- 墨西哥 (automatic)
Community of Nations
If 墨西哥 becomes democratic and decides to take the focus of the same name, they can form this faction with the 联合王国 if the 联合王国 is not already in a faction.
- Possible members
Benelux
If the 
荷兰 chooses to become democratic but doesn't align with Britain, it can invite 比利时 and 
卢森堡 to this faction.
- Possible members
European Union
If the 荷兰 chooses to become democratic but doesn't align with Britain, it can invite all democratic nations in Europe to this faction.
- Possible members
Factions added in La Résistance
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只适用于DLC抵抗运动激活时。 |
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Latin Entente
法国 can form this alliance with the focus of the same name if they go fascist.
- Possible members
Confédération du Rhin
法国 under Napoleon VI can form an alliance with the German states with the focus 'Disunite Germany'
- Possible members
- 法国 (Automatic)
符腾堡王国 (Automatic)
巴伐利亚王国 (Automatic)
威斯特伐利亚王国 (Automatic)
石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因公国 (Automatic)
梅克伦堡大公国 (Automatic)
萨克森王国 (Automatic)
普鲁士王国 (Automatic)- 奥地利
- 捷克斯洛伐克
Legitimist Alliance
法国, after restoring the legitimate heir to the throne, can create this alliance with 
卡洛斯派西班牙 if he is also king of them.
- Possible members
Anti-Fascist Bloc
Orleanist 法国 can form this alliance with the focus 'Counter-Action'
- Possible members
- 法国 (Automatic)
Anti-Fascist Coalition
Communist 法国 can form this alliance with the focus of the same name if there is no Democratic or Communist faction in the world, inviting every democratic or communist country bordering them if they are not in factions.
- Possible members
Paris Accords
Communist 法国 can form this alliance with the focus 'Loyalty to the Cause' and then can spread the revolution around them
- Possible members
Latin Bloc
西班牙国 can form this alliance with the focus of the same name and invite all latin countries
- Possible members
International Bureau of Revolutionary Socialist Unity
Anti-Stalinist 
西班牙 can form this faction with the focus 'Unify the London Bureau'
- Possible members
Popular Front Bloc
葡萄牙 under communism can for this alliance with the focus under the same name, inviting every communist county in Europe to the faction.
- Possible members
- 葡萄牙 (Automatic)
Royal Iberian Alliance
葡萄牙 after completing the focus of the same name and 卡洛斯派西班牙 agreeing, you can form this alliance.
- Possible members
Generic faction names
The following names are used by AI countries when creating ad-hoc factions and have no particular historical background:
Democratic
- The <continent> Association
- The <continent> Entente
- The <faction leader> Concordat
- The <faction leader> Union
- <continent> Coalition
- <continent> Federation
Communist
- The <faction leader> Compact
- <continent> Syndicate
- The <continent> Combine
- The <continent> Pact
- The <faction leader> Bloc
Fascist
- Brotherhood of <continent>
- <continent> Group
- The <continent> League
- The <continent> Confederacy
- <continent> Confederation
Non-aligned
- <continent> Defense League
- The <faction leader> Congress
- The <continent> Alliance
- Confederate <continent> Nations
- The <faction leader> Coalition
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