陆军学说

钢铁雄心 IV

陆战

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陆军学说是一个科研类别，允许一个国家特化其陆军进行陆战的方式。学说一共由四种提供不同类型加成的分支组成。

陆军学说科技树

基础研究时间

第一个学说科技的基础研究时间是191天。所有的后续学说则为382天。也可以通过花费100陆军经验让研究加速100%。所有其他研究速度加成也会被叠加进来。
研究时间例子：

使用100

1. 重定向 Template:图标陆军经验获得100%加速，并且通过自由贸易获得10%科研加速，最终的研究时间为：
   

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{Research Time} = 382 / (1 + 100\% + 10\%) = 382 / 2.1 \approx 182 \text{ days} }[/math]

学说分支

机动作战学说

机动作战专注于以速度和机动分割并瓦解敌军。

优势火力学说

优势火力学说重视以倾斜炮火而非投入士兵来制敌。人命关天，但子弹价廉。

决战计划学说

周密策划和充分准备后再展开作战是决胜关键

人海突击学说

"完美无缺" 的武器被高估了, 海量“可堪一用”的武器才能将我军导向胜利！

一些国家在游戏开始时拥有预设的陆军学说me nations start the game with a pre-enabled army doctrine:

陆军学说	Countries
机动作战	重定向 Template:分栏
优势火力	重定向 Template:分栏
决战计划	重定向 Template:分栏
人海突击	重定向 Template:分栏

提示：在整个游戏中改变陆军学说是可能的，但是当开始科研不同的学说科技树时，旧学说的所有加成增益都会移除，就像完全被放弃一样。

陆军学说列表

机动作战

This path focuses on mobile mechanized and armored units and is the default German path. Armor and motorized/mechanized units will have the largest gains in this path. It also reduces the time needed for planning bonuses to reach maximum. This path is somewhat frontloaded with early bonuses. The first branching in this tree allows you to choose between Mobile Infantry or Armor as your main focus. While Mobile Infantry isn't as effective in combat, it is cheaper and can be used in greater numbers, so it could be an alternative strategy for Germany, or be used by a less industrially powerful nation. The second split offers the choice between switching over to a defensive posture, maximizing Manpower gains and improving partisans, as Germany historically did, or continuing to develop offensive mobile doctrines.

Mobile Warfare

• Enables tactic: Unexpected Thrust
• Planning Speed:

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• Divisions speed:

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• Org Loss when Moving:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Breakthrough:

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Mobile Warfare is a focus on speed and maneuver to cut off and disorganize enemy forces.

Delay

• Enables tactic: Delay
• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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Even when a battle cannot be won, it can be advantageous to slow the progress of attacking forces with ambushes and delaying tactics.

Elastic Defense

• Enables tactic: Elastic Defense
• Reinforce rate:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Max speed:

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Rather than focusing all strength on the front line, an elastic defense creates a 'deeper' layer of defenses which allows the defender more time to react and counter-attack while the attacker is spread out and bogged down.

Mobile Infantry

Blitzkrieg

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二选一

⇒

Mobile Infantry

• Motorized Infantry, Motorized Artillery/AA/AT, Amphibious Infantry, Mechanized Infantry:

• Max speed:

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• Recovery Rate:

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Regular Infantry is often too slow to keep up with, react to, or escape from rapidly moving Armored forces. The answer is to focus on Motorized or Mechanized Infantry which can keep up with the pace of modern warfare.

Armored Spearhead

• Enables tactic: Blitz
• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Breakthrough:

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To use Tanks to their fullest potential they cannot be tied down supporting Infantry. Instead they must be formed into fast moving, independent units which can spearhead attacks.

Mass Motorization

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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An even greater focus on Motorized troops.

Schwerpunkt

• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Recovery Rate:

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In any operation the Schwerpunkt, or Focal point, must be identified and maximum force concentrated to win at that point.

Mechanized Offensive

• Enables tactic: Blitz
• Motorized Infantry, Mechanized Infantry, Amphibious Infantry:

• Organization:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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Motorized troops are well and good, but to lead offensives we need Infantry that can ride into battle in armored transports which protect them and carry heavy weapons.

Blitzkrieg

• Enables tactic: Breakthrough
• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Recovery Rate:

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• Motorized Infantry, Mechanized Infantry, Amphibious Infantry:

• Organization:

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Blitzkrieg refers to the strategy of fast moving Armored forces supported by Mobile Infantry and air support breaking through enemy lines to disorganize and encircle them.

Kampfgruppe

• Enables tactic: Overwhelming Fire
• Planning Speed:

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• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Recovery Rate:

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A Kampfgruppe was an ad hoc formation which was organized to carry out a specific task.

Desperate Defense

Modern Blitzkrieg

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二选一

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Volkssturm

• Recruitable population:

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The Volkssturm, or People's Militia, consisted of men who were too old, too young, or otherwise unfit for regular military service.

Fire brigades

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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'Fire brigades' were hastily scrambled forces thrown together to react to enemy breakthroughs or other critical issues.

Non-Discriminatory Conscription

• Recruitable population:

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Even invalids and cripples must be drafted, there can be no such thing as a civilian.

Backhand Blow

• Enables tactic: Backhand Blow

Rather than fighting for every inch of ground, enemy penetrations are largely avoided until they have extended themselves, at which point they can be cut off and destroyed by counterattacks.

Werwolf Guerrillas

• Enables tactic: Guerrilla Tactics
• Damage to Enemy Garrisons:

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The Werwolves were a planned German resistance group that would fight on against the occupying powers when the war was lost.

Modern Blitzkrieg

• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Breakthrough:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Recovery Rate:

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The pinnacle of Mobile Warfare, Modern Blitzkrieg incorporates all the latest advances of technology and the lessons learned from previous doctrines.

优势火力

The American default path, this doctrine focuses on well-equipped divisions with a lot of support companies and artillery which gain additional bonuses when fighting in areas with friendly air superiority. The first split offers the choice between improving support companies or focusing on line artillery. The second split will let you pick between Airland battle for combined arms warfare, or Shock and Awe historically used by United States long after WW2 (particularly the Gulf War and Iraq War), which keeps the majority of your focus on ground-based firepower.

Superior Firepower

• Enables tactic: Suppressive Barrage
• All Frontline Battalions:

• Soft attack:

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This doctrine focuses on throwing shells, not men, at the enemy. Our manpower is precious, bullets are cheap.

Delay

• Enables tactic: Delay
• Leg infantry:

• Organization:

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Even when a battle cannot be won, it can be advantageous to slow the progress of attacking forces with ambushes and delaying tactics.

Mobile Defense

• Enables tactic: Elastic Defense
• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Defense:

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Mobile forces can be used to reinforce the defense wherever the enemy may attack.

Dispersed Support

Integrated Support

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二选一

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Dispersed Support

• Line Artillery:

• Recovery Rate:

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By dispersing our Support units they can cover a wider area while remaining out of the line of fire, resulting in divisions with greater defense.

Integrated Support

• Support Companies:

• Organization:

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• Soft attack:

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Closely integrating support forces with combat troops results in divisions which are stronger on the attack.

Overwhelming Firepower

• Enables tactic: Overwhelming Fire
• Line Artillery:

• Soft attack:

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Calling on all available support units to give overwhelming firepower can greatly soften up a target, or better yet, seriously ruin an attacker's day.

Regimental Combat Teams

• Enables tactic: Overwhelming Fire
• Support Companies:

• Organization:

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• Soft attack:

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A regimental combat team is an Infantry regiment closely integrated with supporting units such as Artillery, Tanks, and Reconnaissance elements to form a small self-sufficient unit which allows for greater flexibility when attacking.

Mechanized Offensive

• Enables tactic: Blitz
• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Breakthrough:

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Motorized troops are well and good, but to lead offensives we need Infantry that can ride into battle in armored transports which protect them and carry heavy weapons.

Airland Battle

Shock & Awe

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二选一

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Concentrated Fire Plans

• Army:

• Hard attack:

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By concentrating the fire of different batteries into a synchronized bombardment much greater damage can be inflicted on the enemy.

Centralized Fire Control

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Soft attack:

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• Artillery (Support & Line):

• Soft attack:

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A Centralized Fire Control system allows all calls for artillery support to be evaluated in one location, and if needed, a division's entire firepower to be concentrated on a target rather than a unit only being able to request fire from the artillery assigned to them.

Combined Arms

• Enables tactic: Breakthrough
• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Hard attack:

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• Soft attack:

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Armor, Infantry, and Support units working together in well organized teams are far more effective than the same forces used separately.

Forward Observers

• Reinforce rate:

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• Recon Company Reconnaissance:

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Forward Observers take up positions where they can directly observe the accuracy and effects of artillery fire, and relay the results back to the guns for correction.

Tactical Control

• Enables tactic: Tactical Withdrawal
• Reinforce rate:

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Officers familiar with combined arms operations in forward positions can now directly control all branch's operations.

Advanced Firebases

• Enables tactic: Tactical Withdrawal
• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Recovery Rate:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Recovery Rate:

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Artillery camps can be positioned close to the front lines in fortified bases in order to give the maximum possible support to advancing forces.

AirLand Battle

• Air Superiority:

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• All Frontline Battalions:

• Organization:

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With the ground forces already operating in combined arms formations, AirLand Battle now also emphasizes close coordination between land forces and air forces, merging the Air and Land battlefields into a seamless whole.

Shock and Awe

• Enables tactic: Breakthrough
• All Frontline Battalions:

• Soft attack:

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• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Soft attack:

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• Hard attack:

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• Artillery (Support & Line):

• Soft attack:

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• Hard attack:

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A massive concentration of firepower will impose this overwhelming level of Shock and Awe against an adversary on an immediate or sufficiently timely basis to paralyze its will to carry on.

决战计划

This could be thought of as the traditional doctrine path, and is the default choice for the British Commonwealth, France, Italy, Japan, and Poland. This doctrine path gives divisions larger planning bonuses and boosts Infantry and Artillery. It is a bit weak on the offense to begin with, but has some defensive bonuses. The split offers the choice between increased offensive potential and steadily improving all unit types with the Assault path, or focusing heavily on Infantry with the more front-loaded Infiltration path (Note that the reduced supply consumption and night-battle bonus the right split offers could be particularly useful for the in-depth operations of Paratroopers). Grand Battleplan's strong point is its superior planning bonus, and using this advantage effectively takes patience and a compatible national strategic timetable, tempo of warfare, and style of command.

Trench Warfare

• Max Entrenchment:

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• Entrenchment speed:

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A shovel is often the best weapon of the infantry. Units learn the value of entrenching in any position they take up.

Grand Battle Plan

• Max planning:

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Extensive planning and preparation before engaging in battle is the key to success.

Prepared Defense

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Defense:

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More extensive systems of field fortification greatly improve a unit's defense.

Grand Assault

• Enables tactic: Well-Planned Attack
• Army:

• Breakthrough:

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• Soft attack:

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Once sufficient forces have been built up and their objectives well planned out, a powerful assault cannot help but to destroy the enemy.

Assault

Infiltration

⇐

二选一

⇒

Mechanized Offensive

• Enables tactics:

• Blitz, Elastic Defense

Motorized Infantry, Mechanized Infantry, Amphibious Infantry:

• Organization:

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Motorized troops are well and good, but to lead offensives we need Infantry that can ride into battle in armored transports which protect them and carry heavy weapons.

Infantry Offensive

• Enables tactic: Infiltration Assault
• Leg infantry:

• Organization:

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• Breakthrough:

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The offensive spirit of the infantry is the decisive element of winning battles. Our infantry must lead the way.

Assault Concentration

• Enables tactic: Overwhelming Fire
• Max planning:

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Before an attack, the leading elements are carefully prepared and placed in forward positions, ensuring maximum force can be applied in the opening moments.

Armored Operations

• Enables tactic: Blitz
• Enables tactic: Elastic Defense
• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Recovery Rate:

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Tanks and other armored vehicles are highly useful for delivering infantry to battlefields and offering direct support in combat.

Branch Inter-Operation

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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Increased coordination between the different branches of the armed forces allows them to work better in combined arms operations.

Infiltration Assault

• Supply consumption:

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In the opening moves of an attack infantry must target weak points in the enemy line to bypass and isolate the more well-defended sections, which can then be wiped out by the rest of the attacking forces.

Assault Breakthrough

• Enables tactic: Breakthrough
• Army:

• Breakthrough:

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Rather than launching a grand assault across the entire front, it can be much more effective to concentrate the strike on only one, or a few, points of the enemy line and achieve a breakthrough there.

Night Assault Tactics

• Land Night Attack:

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Soldiers who are used to moving and fighting at night can either pre-position themselves for an attack, or directly attack unsuspecting enemy forces.

Central Planning

• Max planning:

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Officers from all branches now contribute to the planning of a given operation to make sure it operates at maximum efficiency.

Attritional Containment

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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If we are unable to launch an attack to remove an enemy position it must nonetheless be subjected to constant minor attacks which will cause losses and prevent the enemy from launching attacks of their own.

C3I

• Reinforce rate:

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All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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Tanks:

• Organization:

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Effective staff officers ensure the flow of Command, Control, Communications & Intelligence between a commanding officer and the units he controls.

Infiltration in Depth

• Reinforce rate:

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• Recon company:

• Reconnaissance:

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Our forces are now trained to bypass and isolate enemy strongpoints to a much greater depth, ideally our assault forces should not stop until they reach the enemy's rear areas and their forces are completely cut off.

人海突击

The default doctrine for the USSR and China. It focuses on using large amounts of Manpower and offers increased morale, reinforce speed and reduced effective combat width, allowing more men to fight at once to take advantage of large divisions. Getting  Radio to speed reinforcements by +5% is key to take advantage of this. The early techs give some defensive bonuses and Infantry boosts. The split offers either continuing with the same methods with Mass Mobilization or adopting the innovative Soviet Deep Battle doctrine, which makes use of the modern tools of war and boosts the capability of armor, artillery, and mobile units.

The Mass Mobilization path is shorter than the others; this is because it's more of a series of stopgap measures for nations in dire straits than a real doctrine, and encourages nations to swap out of it when/if their military technological and industrial situation improves. Mass Mobilization divisions often have more men than weapons to arm them, but this just means that the living will pick up the weapons of the dead and carry on the fight, an approach that tends to work better on defense than attack.

Mass Assault

• Reinforce rate:

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Minimum training level:

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'Perfect' weapons are overrated, a large number of 'good enough' weapons is the path to victory!

Pocket Defense

• Supply Grace:

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• Out of supply:

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It is possible that, on the defensive, our troops may be caught in a pocket. In this case they must merely hold out until the inevitable counter-attack relieves them.

Defense in Depth

• Max entrenchment:

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• Leg infantry:

• Organization:

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By offering relatively light resistance and temporarily giving ground we can trade space for time and allow attacking forces to exhaust themselves before counter-attacking.

Deep Battle

Mass Mobilization

⇐

二选一

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Large Front Operations

• Enables tactic: Relentless Assault
• Supply consumption:

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Fighting over a large front involves coordinating the efforts of multiple units over long distances: At an operational level, rather than tactical.

People's Army

• Enables tactic: Mass Charge
• Damage to Enemy Garrisons:

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• Division attrition:

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The People's Army believes in the primacy of men over weapons, with superior motivation compensating for inferior technology, and enjoys widespread support from the civilian population.

Deep Operations

• Enables tactic: Blitz
• Tanks:

• Organization:

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The concept of Deep Operations, or Deep Battle, is to break through the enemy's defensive lines at multiple points and destroy his operational reserves, his operational depth, and occupy as much of his strategic depth as possible.

Infantry Offensive

• Infantry:

• Recovery Rate:

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Reinforce rate:

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The offensive spirit of the infantry is the decisive element of winning battles. Our infantry must lead the way.

Operational Concentration

• Enables tactic: Elastic Defense
• Max planning:

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Reinforce rate:

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The key to any military action is overwhelming local superiority. Short of being overwhelmingly superior along the entire front, this involves weakening parts of your front line to concentrate troops where needed rather than trying to be strong everywhere.

Large Front Offensive

• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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By conducting, or threatening, Human Wave Offensives across multiple areas of the front we can prevent the enemy from concentrating his firepower against any single attack.

Vast Offensives

• Enables tactic: Overwhelming Fire
• Supply consumption:

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• Infantry:

• Combat width:

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If a breakthrough can be achieved it must be exploited strongly as possible: A vast offensive pushing through enemy lines as deeply as possible will render the defense of their front more difficult, impossible, or irrelevant.

Human Wave Offensive

• Recruitable population:

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• Infantry:

• Combat width:

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Reinforce rate:

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A Human Wave Offensive is an infantry tactic in which an attacker conducts a frontal assault with densely concentrated infantry formations against the enemy line, with the intent to overrun the defenders by engaging in melee combat.

Breakthrough Priority

• Enables tactic: Breakthrough
• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Breakthrough:

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• All Infantry & Mot/Mech:

• Organization:

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• Breakthrough:

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Expanding upon Operational Concentration, all needs of the front are subordinated to the need to concentrate forces for Breakthroughs. Local defeats are inconsequential compared to striking a decisive blow.

Guerrilla Warfare

• Enables tactic: Guerrilla Tactics
• Out of supply:

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• Resistance Growth Speed:

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• Army:

• Recovery Rate:

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The enemy advances, we retreat; the enemy camps, we harass; the enemy tires, we attack; the enemy retreats, we pursue.

Mechanized Wave

• Mechanized Infantry, Motorized Infantry, Amphibious Infantry:

• Organization:

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• Recovery Rate:

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• Tanks:

• Organization:

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• Tanks & Armor Variants:

• Recovery Rate:

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Mechanized forces are ideal for conducting the rapid advances needed to properly exploit Breakthroughs, both for supporting the Armored forces and for securing the flanks of the breach.

Continuous Offensive

• Enables tactic: Backhand Blow
• Org Loss when Moving:

1. 重定向 Template:绿字

Reinforce rate:

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While properly exploited Breakthroughs are often very effective, sooner or later the attacker always becomes exhausted and the defender is able to reorganize and reform new defensive lines. However, with enough reserves and the right organization, an offensive could be continued to a much greater depth with devastating results to the enemy.

学说比较

The following tables will compare the differences between every possible path of the selected land doctrines. The two tables separate army and overall bonuses from division unit bonuses. To calculate the overall bonus a unit type receives add the army bonus, the general support/frontline battalion bonus, the unit type bonus, and the equipment bonus.

接下来的表格将会比较不同的陆军学说效果。这两张表分别列出了对陆军全体的增益和对特定编制的修正For example, a tank in the superior firepower doctrine (L&L) has a total soft attack bonus of 20% (0%[army] + 10%[frontline battalion] + 10%[tank battalion] + 0% [equipment bonus]).

Sample divisions with bonuses

Below are a few example 20 combat width divisions with 1939 technologies applied. Do note that Mass Assault doctrine changes width of infantry battalions, so the resulting division may be under 20 width. You can either use more battalions in the template to compensate, or let the game fill the front with more divisions. Either way, the specific numbers shown below may be slightly deceptive in case of Mass Assault.

All divisions have support companies: engineer, artillery, anti-tank, and anti-air.

科研 

海军

海军 · 海军学说

空军

空军 · 空军学说

工业

工程学 · 工业

战争 

机制 

事件与决议

事件 • 决议