芬兰

芬兰

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首都：

赫尔辛基

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政府类型：

威权政体，中立主义

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阵营：

中立

芬兰（Finland），是斯堪的那维亚半岛的一个非主要国家。其北邻 挪威，西邻 瑞典，东邻 苏维埃联盟。芬兰的工业基础很弱小，核心人口为367万，面对苏联历史上的巨大压力，其生存空间面临巨大挑战。

地理

芬兰位于北欧，许多领土是平原，森林茂密。湖泊和沼泽位于南部，而丘陵位于芬兰的北部。芬兰的首都赫尔辛基是所属地区唯一的城市。

历史背景

芬兰是 瑞典的一个大型而又文化独立的地区，最早于12世纪初出现。在1809年的芬兰战争之后，芬兰被俄罗斯占领。在1917年布尔什维克革命和俄罗斯内部动荡之后，芬兰再次宣布独立。在1918年短暂但极富破坏性的内战之后，芬兰被正式承认为独立国家。

经过20年的独立，芬兰于1939年受到 苏维埃联盟的袭击，导致了1939-1940年的冬季战争。千方百计，人数众多，装备不足的芬兰军队最终击退苏联的进攻，直到1940年的大规模攻势最终迫使该国为和平而停战。芬兰丧失了大约12.5％的领土（相当于游戏中的萨拉（Salla）和维普里（Viipuri）地区），但作为一个独立国家得以幸存，这与波罗的海国家早些时候并入苏联不同。

1941年，芬兰与纳粹德国一起发动了对苏联的战争（在苏联轰炸机袭击了纳粹轰炸机轰炸列宁格勒的芬兰军用飞机场之后），最初称这场战争为“夏季战争”。显然，巴巴罗萨计划（Barbarossa）失败后，它被更名为一场“持续战争”。在上述战争中，芬兰作为 德意志国和 意大利的盟友，除了重新占领故有领土外，还入侵了东部的卡累利阿（Karelia）（相当于游戏中的奥涅加（Onega）和奥洛涅茨（Olonets）地区）。但是芬兰在冬季战争中失利了，尽管受到德国的压力，芬兰仍拒绝攻击列宁格勒或切断通往摩尔曼斯克的铁路，并与德国分开进行战争。

对东部的卡累利阿的征服和看似无法阻挡的国防军使芬兰法西斯主义政党IKL（“Isänmaallinen Kansanliike”）中的许多人梦想着建立一个“大芬兰”（"Greater Finland"），甚至涵盖了整个斯堪的纳维亚半岛和波罗的海国家。

1944年，苏联的反攻攻势超出了轴心国军队的入侵力量，迫使芬兰人撤退，但芬兰军队在塔利-伊汉塔拉（Tali-ihantala），维萨尔米-艾拉帕（Vuosalmi-äyräpää）和维堡（Vyborg）战役中成功制止了苏联的进攻。芬兰于1945年初与苏联签署了停战协定，这使它成为德国沦陷前最后一个投降的欧洲轴心国，在拉普兰战争（Lapland War）中将其余的德国人从芬兰土地驱逐出去之后，第二次世界大战对于芬兰来说终于结束了。1947年，芬兰与其他同盟国国家签署了和平条约。

值得一提的是，芬兰是在第二次世界大战中轴心国“幸存”下来的唯一的国家，而不是被同盟国大国占领，无论是在战争期间还是战争之后。

第二次世界大战结束后，芬兰发现自己在随后的几十年中处于一场微妙的政治和外交的游戏，并在后来的冷战中，在东西集团之间演变成了“中立空间”。

事件

主条目：芬兰事件

国策树

主条目：通用国策树

阿富汗不是主要国家，因此拥有共同的通用国策树，涵盖了五个领域：陆军，空军，海军，工业和政治。

Technology

Finland begins with few technologies, largely confined to contemporary infantry equipment and two support companies. Finland also begins with 3 research slots available; two more can be unlocked through the National Focus tree.

Technology 1936

Army Technology	Naval Technology	Air Technology	Electronics & Industry
M/39 Ukko-Pekka Infantry Eq. I Engineer Company I Recon Company I Towed Artillery I	Väinämöinen Class Light Cruiser I Vetehinen Class Submarine I	None	None
Doctrines
None	None	None

Politics

Finland in 1936 finds itself holding tenuous territory out in the center between the Comintern and the Axis. With no established ideology, however, this leaves plenty of room to maneuver in response to shifting world events. Finland's government faces elections every 3 years.

With the Waking the Tiger expansion, Finland has a special Decision to form the 北欧联盟 which is shared with the other nations that make up the League.

National spirits

Finland starts with one National Spirit:

Sisu

• Division Recovery Rate: +25%
• Division Attrition: −10%
• Division Attack on core territory: +20%
• Division Defense on core territory: +20%

Sisu is the uniquely Finnish expression for the resilience of the nation's people. Finland has faced harsh odds and will do so again.

Laws

The nation starts with the following laws:

征兵法案	经济法案	贸易法案
有限征兵 2.5% 适役人口	民用经济 35% 生活消费品工厂 –30% 军用工厂建造速度 –30% 民用工厂建造速度 +30% 军转民消耗 +30% 民转军消耗 -40% 石油转换燃油效率 -25% 燃油容量	重视出口 50% 可出口资源 +5% 科研速度 +10% 工厂/海军船坞产出 +10% 建造速度 +20% 泄露给他国的民政情报 +10% 泄露给他国的海军情报

Ruling party

Maalaisliitto (Non-Aligned)

Centrism is a form of government which wants to achieve common sense solutions that appropriately address current and future needs, that support the public trust and serve the common good with consideration of risk and capacity in context of these needs.

Traits

• Can’t impose its ideology on other countries
• Can’t puppet countries in a peace conference
• Ideology drift defense: -30%

World tension limits

• Generate war goal : 50%
• Join faction: 40%
• Lend-lease: 40%
• Send volunteers: 40%
• Guarantee: 40%

Political parties

Political Party	Ideology	Popularity	Party Leader	Country Name	Is Ruling?
Maalaisliitto	Non-Aligned	79%	Kyösti Kallio	Finland	Yes
Suomen Sosialidemokraatinen Puolue	Democratic	10%	Risto Heikki Ryti	Republic of Finland	No
Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue	Communist	1%	Aimo Aaltonen	Peoples Republic of Finland	No
Isänmaallinen Kansanliike	Fascist	10%	Vilho Annala	Greater Finland	No

Staff and designers

These are choices of advisors and design companies for Finland. Unless otherwise noted choices for designers are restricted to generics like "Armor Company" or "Industrial Concern".

Political Advisors

Advisor	Type	Effect	Cost ()
Antti Hackzell	Silent Workhorse	Political Power Gain: +15%	150
Åke Henrik Gartz	Captain of Industry	Civilian Factory construction speed: +10 % Infrastructure construction speed: +10 % Refinery construction speed: +10 %	150
Ralf Törngren	Ideological Crusader	Same ideology monthly opinion: +100%	150
Onni A. Hiltunen	Democratic Reformer	Daily Democracy Support: +0.10	150
Otto Ville Kuusinen	Communist Revolutionary	Daily Communism Support: +0.10	150
Bruno Salmiala	Fascist Demagogue	Daily Fascism Support: +0.10	150

Ship Designers

Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Crichton-Vulcan OY	Ship Designer	Naval Research Time: -10%	150

Aircraft Designers

Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Valtion Ientokonetehdas	Light Aircraft Designer	Air Research Time: -10% Fighter: Agility: +10% Max Speed: +10% Carrier Fighter: Agility: +10% Max Speed: +10%	150

Theorists

Designer	Type	Effect	Cost()
Akseli Anttila	Military Theorist	Army Experience Gain: +0.05 daily Land Doctrine Research Time: -7%	150
Väinö Valve	Naval Theorist	Naval Experience Gain: +0.05 daily Naval Doctrine Research Time: -7%	150

Economy

Finland begins with very low natural resources and over half of those are being exported, leaving just 6 units of steel and 1 unit of chromium for military use.

Oil	Rubber	Steel	Aluminium	Tungsten	Chromium
0	0	13	0	0	2

Industry

Finland has a small industrial base to start with and virtually all of it is concentrated around the capital.

Factories 1936

3 Military Factories

1 Naval Dockyard

7 Civilian Factory

Military

In 1936, Finland starts with 17 infantry divisions, with 7 of them at Trained experience made up of 3 infantry battalions with a support engineer company and 10 of them at Regular experience made up of 6 infantry battalions with a support engineer company, 1 Cavalry division at Trained experience of 2 battalions with a support recon company, along with 2 Heavy Cruiser I and 4 Submarine I docked in Helsinki. Remaining recruitable  manpower is at 115 at the 1936 starting date. All the land divisions are suffering from significant equipment shortages.

Army

17 Infantry Divisions	1 Cavalry Division

Manpower Used: 87.85K

Navy

2 Heavy Cruisers I	4 Submarines I

Total: 6 Ships

Manpower Used: 3.80k

Air Force

Finland has no airplanes built nor any technologies to build them in 1936.

Military Staff

These are the Military Staff candidates for appointment in Finland.

Chief of Army

Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Lauri Malmberg	Army Drill	(Expert)	Division training time: -10%	150
Hugo Österman	Army Offense	(Expert)	Division Attack: +10%	150
Carl G. Mannerheim	Army Defense	(Genius)	Division Defense: +15%	150

Chief of Navy

Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Olavi Arho	Commerce Raiding	(Expert)	Commerce Raiding Efficiency: +15%	150
Eero Rahola	Decisive Battle	(Expert)	Capital Ship Attack: +15% Capital Ship Armor: +15% Screen Attack: +15% Screen Defense: +15%	150

Chief of Airforce

Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Jarl Lundqvist	All-Weather	(Expert)	Bad Weather Penalty: -20%	150
Olavi Sarko	Ground Support	(Expert)	Air Superiority: +10%	150

Military High Command

Candidate	Type I	Type II	Effects	Cost ()
Karl Oesch	Army Regrouping	(Genius)	Division Recovery Rate +12 %	150
Valio Porvari	Air Superiority	(Expert)	Air Superiority Attack: +3% Air Superiority Defense: +3% Air Superiority Agility: +3%	150
Lauri Tiainen	Commando	(Expert)	Special Forces Attack/Defense: +15%	150
Harald Öhquist	Army Regrouping	(Expert)	Division Recovery Rate +8 %	150

Strategies and Guides

Finland is one of the harder minors to play, but the potential for a great nation is there, the nation has good military advisors and generals, in addition, the national spirit of Sisu makes Finnish units hard-hitting in combat. If the player knows what they are doing, they can beat the Soviets 1 vs 1. If the player wants to play a longer campaign it is recommended to go for either fascist, or the communist ideology, the democratic or non-alinged paths are poor options, because Finland has a tiny industrial base and very limited manpower, as at the start of the game Finland is at limited conscription, with about 88 thousand manpower. Having 88 thousand manpower means it is almost impossible to defend against any kind of aggression, since the player will be getting more only after they are at war.

The following is just one strategy, but I have found out it works quite well in singleplayer at least. The strategy will contain a lot of small details and it might be required to find ones inner Sisu in order to finish reading this guide. If any DLC mechanics are used, they will be mentioned as: TFV (Together for Victory), DOD (Death or Dishonor) and WTT (Waking the Tiger), and the name or function of the mechanic. The dates mentioned are not a must, they are just a guideline of when the player should have certain things done, but if they have a few hundred hours of the game under their belt they can start making their own decisions, this is just “a very specific overall guide”.

Going fascist and making Suur-Suomi (Greater Finland), reality

Facist path is the best option for a tiny nation such as Finland. This option will mostly likely mean a war with the Soviets, but as they are going to attack Finland anyway, it doesn`t matter. If historical focus is on and Germany does the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, the player can expect the Soviet invasion about 6 to 12 months after Soviets get the claims, but it can vary a lot.

The player should start by doing the national focuses from “Political Effort” to “Militarism” and getting a facist advisor right after the first focus. At the start the player's production should be focused on building infantry equipment and convoys. It is recommended to delete most of the dockyards, as the player will accumulate later when invading other nations, since they are going to need the building slots. It is also possible to start building warships after the player has gained more dockyards, and beat the Soviet Baltic Fleet, but it is not too useful, since the Soviet AI doesnt't do naval invasions against the player and the player doesn't really have the capability to do naval invasions themselves.

Construction can be started by building a few civilian factories before going for military ones, or start to build military factories straight away. After this they should just build military factories until there is enough of them (I'll focus on this later), and then start building forts. For reseach the player should get (before June 1939), all the following techs that are not ahead of time, Fighter I (VL Myrsky), all the infantry weapon upgrades and Infantry weapons II (Suomi KP/-31), all anti-tank and artillery upgrades, motorized and the following support companies and their upgrades; engineer, maintanance, field hospital and logistics company, all engineering and industrial techs (not the radar, synthetic oil & rubber and conversion techs), but radio and as much from the land doctrine tree “Superior Firepower” as possible. Its is recommended to always have research on the doctrine going. It is also recommended to go for “Dispersed Industry”, “Dispersed Support” and “Shock and Awe” techs and their respective branches.

After finishing “Militarism” the player should go for industrial focuses and get the free research slot and the civilian factories, after that the player should take “Military Youth” and after that the “Army Effort” and “Doctrine Effort” focuses. And when it can be taken, the “Extra Research Slot II”, it is also important to for the player to have completed the focus “Ideological Fanaticism” before the war with the Soviets, since it grants a bonus to defence on core territory.

The player can expect the facists to take power somewhere in the beginning of 1937, if the player has the facist advisor and has completed the focus “Nationalism Focus”. Next advisors should be the “Silent Workhorse” and “Military Theorist”, in the order that the player chooses. Army XP is going to be important, but there is also a lot of uses for that extra political power. When the facists take power through a coup, (Dont do the civil war, it is not useful), the player should have about 120 free political power (PP) ready, and then start the justifications on first Sweden and then Norway. If the player thinks they can invade Denmark with less or the same effort, they should take it over Norway, but it should take no more time than invading Norway. Going to war with the Allies over Norway or Denmark is a bad option, because oil and rubber need to be bought from somewhere when the player is at war with the Soviets. If the player gets lucky, they will get both Sweden and Norway/Denmark before the allies can quarentee them, but, if not, Sweden will do, it will just take more to produce all the equipment they'll need. Before going to war with the Swedes, remember to garrison the ports of Vaasa, Turku, Helsinki and Åland, since the Swedish AI loves to navally invade them. Manpower should not be wasted when fighting agaisnt the other Nordic countries, as it's going to be needed later.

A quick note about manpower here; it is really important to always have manpower mobilizing, since the player is going to need a lot of it (about 560k to 620k to be precise), and the order of focuses and the choosing order of the laws should reflect this. The player should even go as far as to cause world tension to get for example the “Service By Requirement”, conscription law, this can be done, for example by justifying war on the USA, but the player should in no situation declare wars. Before the war with the Soviets the player should also have the following military high command, Carl G. Mannerheim, Karl Oesch, Valio Porvari and Harald Öhquist.

The production (June 1939), should resemble the following, 10-15 factories on Infantry Equipment, 5-7 on Support Equipment, 15-20 on Artillery, 2-3 on Anti-tank, 1-2 on Motorized and the rest on building fighters + if the player has the DLC WTT, they can build some transports for use later. The division that is best suited for a defensive war like this with the finnish national spirits and leaders looks like the following, 20 infantry battalions, 5 artillery batallions, combat-width of 55. As support there should be; an Anti-Tank, Engineer Corp, Field Hospital, Maintainence, and a Logistics company. The player should recruit 24 of these, and give them to one of their 2 starting generals, if they have the DLC WTT they should recruit a new field marshal and give them the defensive traits. If not, just promote General Nenonen and use him as the field marshal. The player can also use the historical finnish commander-in-chief C.G.E. Mannerheim as the field marshal (I just wonder why it took paradox 2 years to put him in as the highest base defence leader in the game). Recruiting 24 of these units will cost the following; 590k Manpower, 4400 Artillery, 600 AT, 50k Infantry Equipment, 700 Motorized and 2500 Support Equipment. The high combat width of the division is because of the Finnish national spirit of Sisu that gives +20% defense on core territory, 20% is more when taken from 55 width divisions, compared to for example, 40 width divisions.

The player should start building forts and start doing the continuous focus “Construction Effort”, in early 1939 or when Germany starts doing the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact national focus. Build level 3 forts in all provinces, and level 4 forts in provinces that are connected to 3 Soviet provinces. After that the player can build whatever they want. Units can be put like the following, 4 on the Karelian Isthmus, the rest (20), with a frontline order on the rest of the border, 2 in the provinces connected to the 3 Soviet provinces. Once the Soviets invade, the player needs to pay attention to where their units are getting constantly attacked and shuffle so the frontline division can recover its organisation at some time, this is because of the high combat-width, there can most likely be only 1 division defending in battle (and for some reason its always the same division), though there is 2 in the province. If the player has the DLC WTT, they can stop building regular equipment after the war begins, since they are going to capture more than enough from the Soviets. Because of this fact, the conscription law should be raised as high as possible after the war begins, to gain more manpower to build more divisions for the invasion of the USSR. When the war starts the continuous focus should be changed to “Construction Repair”, because the soviets will try to bomb the built bunkers to the ground.

Now they just have to wait and let the Soviets endlessly attack the Finnish defensive line (yes it is this strategy again.) Until they reach 2 to 3 million casualties, wait, then after that the player can start attacking, hopefully with air superiority, and with those transports assigned to dropping supplies into the states of Onega, Olonets and Murmansk, because the supply there is bad to, say the least. It is also possible to build tank divisions from the thousands of tanks the player is going to capture during the defensive phase. Should the player lose a part of the defensive line, they should try to retake it before the Soviets can funnel troops in there, after a week for example. It can not really be taken back because of the forts and this might cause the entire line to collapse to provinces where there's no forts. The player should try to encircle as many Soviet divisions as possible when they advance into Onega and Murmansk. The city of Leningrad can be taken when the player thinks it is time, but its recommended to take it after the player has 28-30 divsions with the template mentioned above. Soviets will start constantly attacking to take back the city, so the player should have enough divisions to shuffle and defend. After this, the Soviets should be so crippled the player can, by carefully advancing, take advantage of the rivers and other easy to defend locations to wear down the Soviet forces, take Moscow and other cities to make the Soviets capitulate. After gaining the soviet industrial base it should be fairly easy to make Finland the only superpower on the planet. All the manpower problems the player might experience after removing the Soviets can be fixed by having the DLC TVF and releasing for example, Ukraine, to milk manpower off them.

Achievements

Northern Light

As a Scandinavian country form your own faction, and have Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland in it.

国家

 

欧洲	阿尔巴尼亚 奥地利 比利时 保加利亚 捷克斯洛伐克 丹麦 爱沙尼亚 芬兰 法国 德意志国 希腊王国 匈牙利王国 爱尔兰 意大利 拉脱维亚 立陶宛 卢森堡 荷兰 挪威 波兰 葡萄牙 西班牙 罗马尼亚王国 斯洛伐克 苏维埃联盟 瑞典 瑞士 土耳其 联合王国 南斯拉夫

北美	加拿大自治领 哥斯达黎加 古巴 多米尼加共和国 萨尔瓦多 危地马拉 海地 洪都拉斯 墨西哥 尼加拉瓜 巴拿马 美利坚合众国

南美	阿根廷 玻利维亚 巴西 智利 哥伦比亚 厄瓜多尔 巴拉圭 秘鲁 乌拉圭 委内瑞拉

亚洲	阿富汗 不丹 英属马来亚 英属印度 中华民国 中共 桂系 伊朗 伊拉克 日本 满洲国 蒙古国 蒙古 尼泊尔 阿曼 菲律宾 沙特阿拉伯 晋系 暹罗 新疆 唐努图瓦 西藏 西北三马 也门 滇系

非洲	埃塞俄比亚 利比里亚 南非

大洋洲

澳大利亚 新西兰

主要国家	法国 美利坚合众国 联合王国 德意志国 意大利 日本 苏维埃联盟

次要国家	加拿大自治领 澳大利亚 新西兰 南非 英属印度 捷克斯洛伐克 匈牙利王国 罗马尼亚王国 南斯拉夫 中华民国 中共 满洲国 桂系 滇系 晋系 西北三马 新疆 墨西哥 荷兰 西班牙 葡萄牙 保加利亚 希腊王国 土耳其 立陶宛 拉脱维亚 爱沙尼亚 波兰

其它国家	西班牙国 西班牙共和国 埃塞俄比亚