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| {{version|1.5}} | | {{version|1.9}} |
| {{country | | {{country |
| |Capital = Baghdad | | |Capital = 巴格达 |
| |Government = Despotism Non-Aligned | | |Government = 威权政体,专制 |
| |Faction = None | | |Faction = 无 |
| }} | | }} |
| {{flag|Iraq}} is medium sized country in the middle east. It is bordered by {{flag|Turkey}} to the north, {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} to the south and {{flag|Iran}} to the east. {{flag|France}} and {{flag|United Kingdom}} borders Iraq to the west via Syria and Jordan. The {{flag|United Kingdom}} also borders Iraq via Kuwait. Its terrain is mostly desert. | | '''{{flag|Iraq}} (Iraq)''',是中东的一个非主要国家。其北邻 {{flag| 土耳其}} ,南邻 {{flag| Saudi Arabia}} ,东邻 {{flag|Iran}} 。{{flag|France}} 和 {{flag|United Kingdom}} 通过叙利亚(Syria)和约旦(Jordan)与伊拉克接壤。 |
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| == Historical background == | | == 历史背景== |
| Before the First World War, {{flag|Iraq}} was part of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans were defeated and driven from much of the area by the {{flag|United Kingdom}} during the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. On 11 November 1920, Iraq became a League of Nations mandate under British control with the name "State of Iraq". The British installed the Hashemite king, Faisal I to govern the mandate. Britain would then grant independence to the Kingdom of Iraq in 1932, on the urging of King Faisal. King Ghazi ruled as a figurehead after King Faisal's death in 1933, while undermined by attempted military coups, until his death in 1939. Ghazi was followed by his underage son, Faisal II. 'Abd al-Ilah served as Regent during Faisal's minority.
| | 第一次世界大战之前, {{flag| 伊拉克}} 是奥斯曼帝国(Ottoman Empire )的一部分。在奥斯曼帝国解散前,奥斯曼帝国被 {{flag|United Kingdom}} 击败并被迫撤离了该地区的大部分地区。1920年11月11日,伊拉克以“伊拉克国”(State of Iraq )的名义成为英国控制下的国际联盟(League of Nations )的成员国之一。英国任命了哈希姆王朝的费萨尔一世(Hashemite king, Faisal I )来统治该地区。然后,在费萨尔国王的敦促下,英国于1932年授予伊拉克王国(Kingdom of Iraq )独立地位。加齐国王(加齐·伊本·费萨尔,Gazi Ibn Faisal )在1933年费萨尔国王去世后担任国王,但遭到未遂的军事政变破坏,他在位直至1939年去世。加齐之后是未成年儿子费萨尔二世(Faisal II )。阿卜杜勒·伊拉赫('Abd al-Ilah )在费萨尔二世的少年时期担任摄政王。 |
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| On 1 April 1941, Rashid Ali al-Gaylani and members of the Golden Square staged a coup d'état and overthrew the government of 'Abd al-Ilah. During the subsequent Anglo-Iraqi War, the United Kingdom invaded Iraq for fear that the Rashid Ali government might cut oil supplies to Western nations because of his links to the Axis powers. The war started on the 2nd of May, and the British, defeated the forces of Al-Gaylani, forcing an armistice on the 31st of May.
| | 1941 年4月1日,拉希德·阿里·盖拉尼(Rashid Ali al-Gaylani )发动政变,推翻了阿卜杜勒·伊拉赫的政府。在随后的英伊战争中,英国入侵伊拉克,原因是担心拉希德·阿里·盖拉尼政府可能会因为与轴心国的联系而削减对西方国家的石油供应。战争于5月2日开始,英国最终击败了拉希德·阿里·盖拉尼的军队,并于5月31日迫使其停战。 |
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| A military occupation followed the restoration of the pre-coup government of the Hashemite monarchy. The occupation ended on 26 October 1947, although Britain was to retain military bases in Iraq until 1954. The rulers during the occupation and the remainder of the Hashemite monarchy were Nuri as-Said, the autocratic Prime Minister, who also ruled from 1930 –1932, and 'Abd al-Ilah, the former Regent who now served as an adviser to King Faisal II.
| | 此后,哈希姆王朝得以恢复。英国的占领于1947年10月26日结束,尽管英国将在伊拉克保留军事基地至1954年。占领期间的统治者和哈希姆王朝的其余人员为独裁首相努里·赛义德(Nuri as-Said ),他也于1930 –1932 年间进行统治;以及前摄政王阿卜杜勒·伊拉赫——现担任费萨尔二世国王的顾问。 |
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| == National focus == | | == 国策树== |
| [[File:NF tree Generic.jpg|thumbnail|600px|Generic national focus tree.]] | | [[File:NF tree Generic.jpg|thumbnail|600px|Generic national focus tree.]] |
| {{main|Generic national focus tree}} | | {{main| 通用国策树}} |
| | | {{flag|Iraq}} 没有独特的国策树,而是使用通用国策树。 |
| {{flag|Iraq}}, lacking a unique national focus tree, uses the generic national focus tree instead. | |
| {{#lst:Generic national focus tree|branches desc}} | | {{#lst:Generic national focus tree|branches desc}} |
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| === National spirits === | | === 民族精神=== |
| {{SVersion|1.5}} | | {{SVersion|1.9}} |
| None
| | 伊拉克在1936年开局没有任何民族精神。 |
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| === Diplomacy === | | === Diplomacy === |