陆军师

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钢铁雄心 IV

陆战

集团军

陆军师

作战计划

陆军战斗

步兵科技

支援科技

装甲车辆科技

火炮科技

陆军学说

参见：陆军单位

师（Division）是游戏中玩家可以更改并操作的基础陆军单位。每个师的组成都由这个师的模板决定。师模板可以消耗陆军经验来创建或更改。

师编制

每个国家在游戏开始时都拥有一个或多个师模板以用来训练或部署新的陆军单位。玩家可以直接修改这些模板；通过复制模板（在师编辑面板中）按钮来复制一个已经存在的师模板，再更改编制；或从空编制开始创建新的模板。知道点击保存按钮保存所有的修改之前，陆军经验都不会被消耗。具体消耗的陆军经验数值会如保存按钮所提示的一样，所以玩家可以在做出最终决定之前进行各种尝试和对比分析。当一个模板被修改时，所有以此模板为基础的部队都会立即请求补充额外的人力、装备或将所有多余人力、装备返还至人力池、库存中。比较明智的操作是，在更改任何近期可能遇到战斗的师之前确保所需的人力和装备都是充足得。每次只更改一个师的模板会是一个比较谨慎的选择。

师并不能再被分割为更小的游戏单位了。但是从1.5版本开始，可以将同一模板编制的，兵力不足的师重新整编，其中最强的一个或几个师将得到补充，其余师会被撤编，如果存在多余人力或装备将会返还至人力池或库存中。整编按钮 ^{[我有空截个图吧，by QsOlivier]}在军队界面中可以找到。对于那些人力或装备短缺还急需几个满员或近满员部队的国家，整编若干个兵力不足的师可可能会极其有用。

在任何时候都可以点击选中师的图标，并在单位详情界面中选择需要模板以进行改编。

每个师由最多五个团（regiment）和最多五个支援连（support company）组成。每个团由最多五个营（battalion）组成。向团中添加一个营话费 5 点陆军经验（不论是已有的团还是成为一个新编制的团）。添加一个新的部队种类（unit type）（步兵部队（infantry），机动部队（mobile）或装甲部队（armored））的营会消耗额外 20 点陆军经验。

师
师直属连	团	团	团	团	团
支援连	营	营	营	营	营
支援连	营	营	营	营	营
支援连	营	营	营	营	营
支援连	营	营	营	营	营
支援连	营	营	营	营	营

一个师可以编制任意个相同种类的营，但是对于每种支援连只能编制一个连。

一个师模板可以被标记为后备（reserve），默认（regular）或精英（elite）。精英师会可以优先获得最先进的装备，其次是默认师，再次是后备师。

每个师模板可以指定某种或某几种特定装备。比如可以指定精英师只使用最新的武器装备，而后备师则只使用最旧的。

营（Combat Battalions）

师下辖的每个团都仅由同一种部队种类的若干个营组成。三种部队种类分别为：

• 步兵部队：步兵营，特种部队（空降伞兵，山地步兵，海军陆战队），（牵引式）炮兵营/防空炮营/反坦克炮营/火箭炮营，^{[自行车营]}
• 机动部队：骑兵营，摩托化步兵营，机械化步兵营，^{[骆驼骑兵，装甲车]}，摩托化炮兵营/防空炮营/反坦克炮营/火箭炮营 ^{[机动部队中的摩托化AA，AT，RART部队汉化翻译有问题]}，自行火箭炮营，两栖机步营
• 装甲部队：坦克营，自行火炮营/反坦克炮营/防空炮营，两栖坦克营

Increasing the number of battalions in a division modifies the stats of the division: for example new combat battalions increase the HP and combat width of the division, and typically increase at least the different attack and defense statistics. Note that the division's organization is the average of the organization of the included battalions, thus it is possible that the division's (average) organization actually drops when adding new battalions. See § Sizing for more discussion on this.

For the armor, piercing and hardness stats there is a different calculation:

• Armor: 30% * (Highest Armor of a Battalion) + 70% * (Average Armor for All Battalions and Companies) = Armor of the Division
• Example: If there are 3 Batallions, 2 Infantry (1936), and 1 Light Tank (1934), then the calculation would look like this:

30% * [Highest Armor] + 70% * [Average]
30% * [10.0] + 70% * [3.33 ((0 + 0 + 10) / 3)]
3 + 2.31
= 5.31

• Piercing: 40% * (Highest Piercing of a Battalion or Support Company) + 60% * (Average Piercing for All Battalions and Companies) = Piercing of the Division
• Hardness: Average of Hardness of Line Battalions = Hardness of the Division
• Example: If there are 4 Batallions, 2 Infantry (1936) and 2 Light Tanks (1934), then the calculations would look like this:

Average of Hardness of Line Battalions = Hardness of the Division
(80 + 80 + 0 + 0) / 4
160 / 4
= 40

支援连（Support Companies）

主条目：辅助部队（支援连）科技

A division may have up to five different support companies. These are referred to in doctrines and elsewhere in the game as 'integrated support', distinguished from 'dispersed support' which is an Artillery, Anti-Air or Anti-Tank type regiment included in a combat regiment column. Support company options are:

• Support Artillery: Gives a smaller bonus to soft attack than a line regiment's artillery battalion because it has fewer guns. It does not slow the division† or affect paradrops.
• Support Anti-Air: Gives a smaller bonus to air attack than a line regiment's anti-air battalion because it has fewer guns. It does not slow the division† or affect paradrops.
• Support Anti-Tank: Gives a smaller bonus to hard attack and piercing than a line regiment's anti-tank battalion because it has fewer guns. It does not slow the division† or affect paradrops.
• Support Rocket Artillery: Similar to regular support artillery but it also gives a bonus to the division's breakthrough stat, used to avoid enemy attacks when attacking.
• Engineer Company: Increases the Entrenchment stat of the division and helps in attacking forts and river crossings.
• Cavalry Recon Company: Increases speed in difficult terrain and the division's Reconnaissance stat, making it easier to counter enemy combat tactics in battle.
• Motorized Recon Company: Increases speed in difficult terrain and the division's Reconnaissance stat, making it easier to counter enemy combat tactics in battle.
• Armored Car Recon Company: Increases speed in difficult terrain and the division's Reconnaissance stat, making it easier to counter enemy combat tactics in battle.
• Light Tank Recon Company: Increases speed in difficult terrain and the division's Reconnaissance stat, making it easier to counter enemy combat tactics in battle.
• Military Police: Gives a bonus to the Suppression stat of its division's line battalions, helping to reduce the effects of partisans. Military Police with 2-6 minimally equipped and trained Cavalry battalions makes an efficient and effective rear-area security division.
• Maintenance Company: Adds an equipment reliability bonus to the division, reducing equipment losses from training and combat. Advised for combat units using expensive equipment (like tanks).
• Field Hospital: Increases Trickleback stat (returns percentage of lost manpower to the pool) and reduces experience loss from taking casualties. Advised for front-line combat divisions.
• Logistics Company: Reduces the supply usage of the entire division. This is valuable in areas of low supply and for avoiding the need to disperse for supply reasons.
• Signal Company: Increases the Initiative stat of the division, speeding up planning and increasing the chance of reinforcement in battle from reserves.

† Note that support companies do not affect a division's speed and do not affect combat width as they are forces that remain behind the fighting front while the "front line" combat battalions engage. Therefore a towed antitank support company does not affect the 12 kph speed of a fast division but adding a towed antitank combat battalion to the regiment lines would slow that same division to the towed anti-tank's base speed of 4 KPH. So support Artillery, Anti-Air or Anti-Tank support units can add valuable capabilities to fast divisions. An infantry division marching at 4 kph is well-matched by combat battalions marching at 4 kph as well. Additional bonuses and effects of adding a support company to overall division stats can be seen in the tooltip in the division designer. Even though these companies may historically have been much larger than company size, they are referred to as support companies to distinguish them from the battalions in line regiments.

防空支援连

防空单位主要帮助在所属师参与的战斗中对抗战术轰炸机与近距离支援机，处于同一场战斗中的若干个师可以联合运用他们的防空火力。牵引式防空炮或自行防空炮只会向正在空袭这个师或参与了同一场战斗的其他师的敌方飞机开火。

• 这些防空单位无法对抗战略轰炸机（战略轰炸机飞行高度过高），所以向卫戍部队添加防空单位不能保护工业设施免遭战略轰炸。
• 至少在1.3版本时，开发人员报道说师下辖防空单位可以击落战斗机，但这通常需要很多防空炮才能做到（视频中的例子动用了数个营，而不仅仅是一个支援连）。当然，如果你没有战斗机的话，尽可能向前线的每一个师中添加防空单位可能是你唯一的选择。
  • 注解：开发人员说防空单位能击落战斗机的视频是“Together for Victory feature stream”Youtube。
• 需要提及的是牵引式防空炮单位同事拥有一定的（说得过去的）反装甲能力。例如，二级牵引式防空炮有足够的穿甲能力对抗一级中型坦克的装甲。但是，自行防空炮并不具备相应的反装甲能力。鉴于生产防空炮不需要钨，对一些小国来说，这可能成为一个可选择的廉价的反坦克方式。
• 牵引式防空炮或自行防空炮单位可以减少敌方空优对所属师造成的属性惩罚。

工兵连

工兵连可以为所属师提供：

• 在森林、沼泽与河流地形下的移动速度加成；
• 在森林、丛林、丘陵、沼泽、河流和要塞地形下的固定比例防御加成；
• 堑壕上限加成；
• 登陆作战中的固定比例攻击加成（可与海军陆战队加成叠加）；
• 所属师防御力与对人员杀伤加成（但是与步兵连相比比较微弱）。

升级后的工兵连还分别提供在要塞（二级，1939年科技）、河流（三级，1942年科技）与城市（四级，1945年科技）地形下的固定比例攻击与防御加成。

侦查连

侦察连可以为所属师在大多数地形提供移动速度加成，并为指挥官提供额外的侦察点数加成。侦察点数加成可以在一天中增加指挥官在战斗中发动反制敌方战术的几率。侦察连还能略微增加所属师的攻击与防御。侦察连种类有：骑兵侦察连，摩托化侦察连，轻型装甲侦察连和装甲侦察连。

• 侦察连在大多数地形中提供大约 10% 移动速度加成（由不同的侦察连种类决定）。此速度加成并不随侦察连科技的升级而提升。通常侦察连提供的移动速度加成可以让步兵部队速度从 4 km/h 提升至 4.4 km/h，或将摩托化师/轻型坦克师的速度从 12 km/h 提升至 13.2 km/h。还可以考虑配合不同种类（甚至是改进后的）车辆将师移动速度提升过某个特定值以超过特定敌军速度或直接超过撤退的敌军以将其部队成建制击溃。但不同玩家对不同的师是否编制侦察连或侦察连种类的选择需要根据具体情况而定。举例来说，对用于渗透或包抄的师 ^{[exploitation and envelopment divisions]}来说，侦察连提供的移动速度加成即是值得的提升，但对用于主力进攻或突破关键点的师 ^{[assault and breakthrough divisions]}来说移动速度加成就不那么重要了（但对于这些师来说战斗中的战术加成可能会在高强度的战斗中显得尤为重要）。具体的移动速度加成可见下表：

地形	骑兵侦察分队	摩托化侦察连	轻型装甲侦察连	装甲侦察连
河流	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+10% 速度
森林	+5% 速度	+5% 速度	+5% 速度	+10% 速度
丘陵	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+10% 速度
山地	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+5% 速度	+10% 速度
平原	+5% 速度	+15% 速度	+15% 速度	+10% 速度
丛林	+10% 速度	+5% 速度	+5% 速度	+10% 速度
沼泽	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+10% 速度	+10% 速度
沙漠	+5% 速度	+20% 速度	+15% 速度	+10% 速度

• 编制侦察连有助于反制敌方战术。拥有侦察优势的一方会首先获得相当于 5 指挥官技能点数的加成。这会直接加成至指挥官的技能等级，提升指挥官在可选战术列表中选择成功反制敌方的战术的几率。每一级侦察连科技的升级都会提供额外的侦察点数。评估侦察连重要性要考虑的要素主要包括：双方的可选战术列表，一支军队在作战时战术的潜在重要性，以及敌军指挥官的技能等级。参与同一场战斗的多个师的侦察点数叠加计算的具体机制尚未得知。

宪兵队

宪兵并不是为前线实际作战部队准备的。其可以为所属师提供一定百分比的镇压属性加成。镇压属性可以对抗区域中的抵抗或游击队活动，在一定程度上保护当地工业或其它建筑免造破坏。最好与骑兵营，摩托化营，机械化营或轻型坦克营一起编制，这些种类的营比普通的步兵营拥有更好的镇压能力。不过，通常操作只是在卫戍部队模板中直接添加宪兵队，而不一定要创建专门的带有宪兵队的师模板。极端情况下，宪兵队也可以被当成额外的步兵，但是鉴于编制支援连会降低师模板的组织度，所以在有条件的情况下，还是更推荐使用火炮支援连，火箭炮支援连或工兵连。

维修连

维修连可以增加所属师全部装备的可靠性，这会极大地减少装备损耗。不过由于现存的装备损耗bug，可靠性与装备损耗并非线性关系，提高可靠性只对陆军师内用量较大的装备有效（当初始可靠性为80%时，阈值为100；如对一支装备了72件火炮的部队，维修连不会减少火炮的损耗）。

• 一级维修连（1936年科技）提供可靠性加成的基础值比较弱，仅有 5%。对于一般有着 80% 可靠性的陆军装备，仅能提升至 84% ( = 80 * 1.05 )。不过这一加成随科技等级提升很大，有 5% 每级（即，可以分别提升至 10%，15% 和 20%）。此加成对那些不可升级改进的装备都有效：这对机械化装备，摩托化装备，各种牵引式武器和辅助装备尤为重要。维修连还对步兵装备起作用，不过步兵装备非常容易大规模生产，而且其基础可靠性为 90%（而不是通常的 80%）。在一些情况下，等拥有二级维修连（1939年科技）之后再编制是个不错的选项。
• 对于可升级改进的装备，例如坦克，这意味着将改进所需的陆军经验点数用于改进可靠性并不像原来那么必要（除非其可靠性会随着改进降到低于 80%，亦或即便低于 80%，但由维修连加成后会重新回到 80% 以上）。一定程度上可以节省一些陆军经验（当然这要求所有装备了此型号坦克的部队编制维修连）。
• 从1.5版本开始，维修连还能在战斗中从敌方的师缴获装备一定比例的（本来会被毁坏的）装备。

野战医院

野战医院可以提供两点加成。首先，对于一级野战医院（1936年科技），战斗损失中的 20% 能被救回并返回人力池中。其次，所属师补员时会减少 10% 对的经验损失。野战医院科技等级的提升会同时提升这两项加成。所属师参与的战斗越多，从野战医院中获得的总体收益也就越多。反之，像安保部队、卫戍部队、海岸守卫部队这种极少承担战斗任务，或一旦参战很容易被成编制消灭的师来说，编制野战医院是很浪费的。

• 人力，当然是越多越好。每个编制的野战医院都以百分比发挥作用，所以相比小编制的师，在大编制的师中会挽救更多的伤员生命。
• 但从经验角度来看，小编制的师中每个士兵的经验值占全师的比例就会更重要一些。所以在小编制精英师中加入野战医院也是值得的，如海军陆战队师或伞兵师。另外就是对于已经拥有大量经验的常规步兵师：通过复制师模板并添加野战医院（后改变这些师的模板），可以只在这些师中加入野战医院（同编制的其他师则可以不添加），这样就能帮助这些师尽可能保留他们已获得的经验。部队现有经验越多，伤亡后补员时损失的经验就越多（补充的都是新兵）。从经验角度来讲，部署一支未训练完成的带有野战医院的部队是很浪费的。所以当师编制中存在野战医院时，更应当等部队训练至训练初成再部署。

后勤连

后勤连能减少所属师大概 10% 的补给消耗 和 5% 的燃料消耗，且效果随后勤连科技等级提升而提升。鉴于效果基于固定百分比，后勤连在那些消耗补给巨大的师编制中发挥的效果更强。炮兵部队通常消耗大量补给，所以带有若干各种炮兵单位的师要优先考虑编制后勤连。只需打开师编制界面并比较编制后勤连前后的补给使用属性并自行判断是否值得即可。通常那些大编制的师都是考虑对象。对于步兵师来说，当他们在那些当地基础设施良好的地区战斗时，可能数月的连续战斗都不会出现补给不足的情况，此时编制补给连就是毫无收益的。针对缺乏补给地区创建专门的带有后勤连的师编制是可行方案。其他师则可以选择那些有战斗加成的辅助部队。

通信连

加入战斗概率

通信连可以增加所属师的主动性，这能减少所属师从预备部队增援前线所需的时间，也能加快作战计划准备速度。通常来说这对于那些在交战频繁的前线作战，或在关键位置需要快速增援的部队比较重要。运用在正确的地方，通信连可以发挥出最大价值。

• 当处于预备部队顶部的师拥有通信连时，其会有更高的概率更快填补前线的空缺。当没有通信连时，基础增员率为 2% 每小时（假设前线仍有足够的战斗宽度），则有 50% 的几率这个师能在 35 小时内增援前线。如果已经研发无线电科技，则基础增员率增加到 7% 每小时，部队将有 50% 的几率能在 10 小时内增援前线。一级通信连（1936年科技）能提升 20% 主动性，之后每升一级再增加 12%。不过，游戏机制会将主动性乘以 0.25 的系数之后得到增员率加成，也就是说 20% 主动性会增加 5% 增员率，这时部队将有总计 12% ( = 2% + 5% + 5% ) 每小时的增员率。结果就是，拥有一级通信连的师将有 50% 的几率能在 6 小时内增援前线。
• 通信连会将全部主动性加成增加至作战计划速度。基础作战计划速度为 2% 每天，一级通信连会给每日作战计划增加 2% 的 20%。达到标准的 50% 作战准备加成能节省总计 4 天时间（二级通信连可减少 5 天，三级通信连可减少 7 天，四级通信连可减少 8 天）。这些数值能否加速海军入侵或空降计划准备尚未确认。

陆军经验花费

Modifying a division template may cost army experience.

Action	XP cost	Notes
Duplicate a template	0
Change a template's equipment	0
Change a template's name	0
Change a template's priority	0
Add a combat regiment of an existing type	5	Includes one battalion.
Add a combat regiment of a new type	25	Includes one battalion.
Add/swap out a combat battalion	5
Remove a battalion	5	This can remove the last battalion in a regiment, removing the regiment.
Change a combat battalion type to an existing type	5 per battalion	The existing battalions may be swapped or removed within the new regiment type at no additional cost.
Change a combat regiment type to a new type	25 + 5 per battalion	The existing battalions may be swapped or removed within the new regiment type at no additional cost.
Add/swap out a support company	10
Remove a support company	10

装甲师 Armored Templates

Some countries already have some tank equipment researched in 1936, and these get an armored template at the start of the game. This is usually a historic template that matches the order of battle of one or more of their starting divisions. For example, Italy ("Divisione Celere" template) and the Soviet Union ("Mekhanizirovaniy Korpus" template) are both in this situation. These templates allow you to create new armored divisions with light tanks. If you have any army experience, then you can change the historic template.

A few countries have some tank equipment already researched when the game starts, but don't actually start with any historical armoured divisions. For example, Commonwealth countries like Canada who get tank equipment researched in 1936 (shared with them by UK), though they have no armored divisions then. These countries get an armoured template at the start of the game (called "Armored-Division"), so they can create armored divisions later.

All other countries get a free template (called "Armored-Division") when you research your first tank equipment.

The free "Armored-Division" template, and those templates which some countries start with, are always light tank templates. You have to use some army experience to modify these, or modify a duplicate, for use with Medium or Heavy Tanks. As soon as you complete the research, the Division Designer will allow you to replace the Light Tank Battalions with Medium or Heavy. This costs 5 XP for each battalion.

装甲率 Hardness

The Division Designer has a bar just below the stats, which shows the Hardness of the divisions created with the template.

The Hardness represents how much of your division is made up of armored or at least protected vehicles. The free "Armored-Division" template has only 35% hardness, even though it has two light tank and two cavalry battalions. You can increase the hardness by adding more tank battalions, or replacing light with medium, or medium with heavy. Or by replacing "soft" battalions (infantry or cavalry) with motorized or mechanized battalions.

For example, replacing the two light tank battalions in the default "Armored-Division" template with medium tanks, and the two cavalry with mechanized, changes the hardness from 35% to 70%. Divisions with high hardness will suffer few hits in combat from divisions with low hard attack values - such as infantry with 1936 equipment and no anti-tank equipment.

Sizing

The values of land units combine in different ways in divisions, and these values have special implications for deciding whether one should "scale up" a division template, e.g. doubling up the battlions to go from a 20 combat width to a whopping 40. Any modifications must be view in the context of the current land warfare damage system.

As mentioned previously, soft/hard attack and defense/breakthrough are additive; doubling the width of the template doubles these values. In the current system, only 10% of the attacks are considered for damage if they are covered by the other unit's defense, but 40% is considered when the attack points have exhausted the defense points. In other words, an attack point not held back by the enemy's defense is four times as good as an attack point that is held back. Although units do drain the enemy units' defense together, having a larger division in this case still allows you to more effectively drain the enemy units' defense, compared to having two smaller divisions of the same smaller size, by removing a random element and allowing the draining to be concentrated.

On the other hand, doubling the division size does not make the divisions two times more resistant to actual damage, since the organization does not scale up. Damage is two times more frequently dealt to organization instead of HP (which is additive), and defense is often easy to stack up for land units anyways. Having small divisions is additionally more versatile due to the sheer number of divisions, allowing one to run encirclements and cover up extending lines when needed; however this also takes up commanding official capabilities. Small divisions also allow more support weaponry companies to be used, many of which are more economical in their stats contribution per equipment than line companies; on the other hand, they increase the cost of non-weapon support companies, since more of them are needed to achieve the same percentage bonus.

Division unit type

The overall division unit type is indicated by its default division icon. The division unit type is determined by multiplying an internal priority score by the number of units of each type, and taking the unit with the highest score. If there are multiple units with the same weighted priority, the first (top, left) unit is used to determine the type.

Once the exemplar unit is established, the internal types of the unit as shown below determine whether military high command bonuses or commander traits apply to the division. If there are multiple bonuses of different types they all stack together additively.

Unit	Priority	Types
Anti-Air	301	Infantry Anti-Air
Anti-Tank	1197	Infantry Anti-Tank
Amphibious Mechanized	610	Mechanized
Amphibious Tank	2501	Armor
Armored Car	501	Motorized
Artillery	1198	Infantry Artillery
Cavalry	599	Infantry Cavalry
Engineer Company	0	Infantry Support
Field Hospital	0	Infantry Support
Heavy SP Anti-Air	301	Armor Anti-Air
Heavy SP Artillery	1797	Armor Artillery
Heavy Tank	2503	Armor
Heavy Tank Destroyer	1797	Armor Anti-Tank
Infantry	600	Infantry
Light SP Anti-Air	301	Armor Anti-Air
Light SP Artillery	1795	Armor Artillery
Light Tank	2501	Armor
Light Tank Destroyer	1795	Armor Anti-Tank
Logistics Company	0	Infantry Support
Maintenance Company	0	Infantry Support
Marines	601	Infantry Special Forces
Mechanized Infantry	610	Mechanized
Medium SP Anti-Air	301	Armor anti-Air
Medium SP Artillery	1796	Armor Artillery
Medium Tank	2502	Armor
Medium Tank Destroyer	1796	Armor Anti-Tank
Military Police	0	Infantry Support
Modern SP Anti-Air	301	Armor Anti-Air
Modern SP Artillery	1796	Armor Artillery
Modern Tank	2510	Armor
Modern Tank Destroyer	1796	Armor Anti-Tank
Motorized Anti-Air	301	Motorized Anti-Air
Motorized Anti-Tank	1197	Motorized Anti-Tank
Motorized Artillery	1198	Motorized Artillery
Motorized Infantry	599	Motorized
Motorized Rocket Artillery	1199	Artillery Motorized Rocket
Mountaineers	601	Infantry Special Forces
Paratroopers	2	Infantry Special Forces
Recon Company	0	Infantry Support
Rocket Artillery	1199	Infantry Artillery
Signal Company	0	Infantry Support
Super Heavy SP Anti-Air	301	Armor Anti-Air
Super Heavy SP Artillery	1798	Armor Artillery
Super Heavy Tank Destroyer	1798	Armor Anti-Tank
Super-Heavy Tank	2520	Armor
Support Anti-Air	0	Infantry Support
Support Anti-Tank	0	Infantry Support
Support Artillery	0	Infantry Support
Support Rocket Artillery	0	Infantry Support
Truck-drawn Rocket Artillery	1199	Motorized Artillery

Division Examples

• Historical Divisions from 1939-1941

Strategy

Stat optimizations

Often it is necessary to optimize a Division for a certain, likely battlefield or role. Doing so requires the mixing of the right Battalions and Companies.

Understrength stats

When a division is understrength its stats are reduced in the principle of how many troops are present to operate how much available equipment. When out of combat the overall "Current Fighting Strength" ratio is determined by taking the minimum of the manpower ratio and the IC-weighted equipment ratio. The stats of the division are the stats of all its battalions and companies combined in ways described above, which are calculated differently from the overall strength ratio. For each battalion (company) the equipment stats are scaled by the lower one of the manpower ratio and the unweighted equipment ratio for each type of equipment the battalion uses, and the subunit stats (including terrain modifiers but excluding organization, recovery rate, and combat width) are scaled by the manpower ratio only, unless the battalion (company) uses "essential" equipment, in which case all the stats are further scaled by the IC-weighted ratio of the respective essential equipment. All the equipment of all support companies and the mechanized battalion is essential, except that infantry equipment is not essential to the engineers company.

Organization & recovery

This is perhaps the single most important stat. And there are two groups of Battalions that are good at it: Foot Infantry and all Mobile Infantry.

Tanks, Artillery and Support companies are the parts that are lacking, sometimes severely so. So you need to bring just enough Manpower into the mix, to have an effective fighting force. However, note that a lot of doctrines actually offset those penalties for some specific Elements, allowing you to use them much more freely.

Maximum speed

If you want anything more than the 4 km/h of an Infantry Batallion, you have to limit yourself to a combination of Tank and Mobile Battalions that suits your needs. Even just a pure mobile infantry. Artillery has to be limited to support companies, and/or provided by motorized/tank variants.

Suppression

Most infantry provides 1 to 1.5, while tanks provide 2.5 and artillery/Anti-Tanks provide 0.

However, the cavalry and bicycle infantry provides 2 which can be buffed further with a Military Police Support Company. Yes, there is actually something Cavalry is good at - playing police! Do mind that they cost more supply and equipment, however. Considering that losses due to resistance are calculated by manpower factored vs (1-hardness), soft units like infantry and cavalry employed see a nation suffer higher casualties compared to light tanks or armoured cars.

Reliability

This is the average of all equipment. For a lot of cheap equipment (Infantry Gear, Support Gear, Motorized) the 80% default is enough. However mechanized and tank divisions can benefit a lot from it, as they have the most expensive equipment.

Aside from investing XP into the reliability, the Maintenance company helps.

Soft attack

Infantry already provides plenty of soft attack/width. 1 Artillery easily provides 3 Infantry Battalions worth of Soft attack for half their width. Even light tanks and Mechanized lean more towards the Hard Attack side.

Hard attack

While everything - even the Infantry equipment - has some Hard attack, usually the soft/hard ratio is in favor of killing infantry.

Tanks shift the balance more onto the side of hard, the heavier the better. Anything with Piercing will also do good Hard Attack. AA can also be somewhat effective at dealing hard attack, being half the damage of a AT Gun.

Air might also be an option.

Air attack

Obviously AA is good at this. It seems unlikely that Armor, Hardness, Defense or Breakthrough has any effect.

Breakthrough

Simply put, tanks are the best at this stat. Heavier is generally better, but the Modern beats the superheavy. Artillery also provides a decent bit, but of course mechanized Infantry the most aside from tanks.

Defense

Infantry is the top thing here. The need for mobility limits the buffs from support weapons passive research. Mechanized Infantry actually adds it's defense to the equipment derived one, easily beating 80 per Battalion.

As history has shown, tanks are not good defensive battalions (unless you can get an armor advantage).

Armor

If your armor can exceed the enemy's piercing, then relevant combat bonuses await. 30% of the armor value is determined by the single highest armor battalion, so throw in a single very high armor battalion for that. The rest depends on the average values; try going for high-level mechanized Infantry to provide a high "baseline".

Piercing

If the enemy fields heavy armor, then you need heavy piercing. Piercing works like Armor in that the highest value matters (40%), so always try to throw in one battalion of something powerful.

AT guns provide the best piercing, up until the T2 Heavy Tank becomes available (1941). The T2 heavy tank actually has better AP then contemporary AT guns, especially on the Tank Destroyer (tank hunter) variant. Still, as you can field 2 AT guns per 2 width, that might still be enough to increase the average to what you need.

The other 60% is provided by the weighted average of all battalions, and will mostly come from Infantry equipment (either Infantry gear or Mechanized). Do get the passive "Infantry Anti-Tank" upgrades, as they apply to both and can double the piercing values.

Do be careful of mixing any AT gun companies with line battalions of either AT guns or tanks. This is because AT companies have lower piercing which will lower the overall average division piercing and Organization.

Hardness rating

This is entirely based on how mechanized the army is. If you want a high value, then mix heavy tanks with higher mechanized infantry.

Forts

The Heavy Tank, Engineer Company and all Artillery except AA provides some bonuses. Super heavy tanks and to a lesser extent super heavy tank destroyers have by far the highest bonus. However, this uniquely has no penalties (as those are already rolled into the fortification mechanic itself).

Amphibious assault

Or "how to win D-Day".

As their name implies, Marines are best for the job, followed by baseline infantry. All artillery Battalions suffer penalties as do Tanks based on heaviness. The engineer Company provides a huge bonus.

You will be dependent on Support companies for many strategic needs.

Rivers

Every River is a little Amphibious assault. Units suffer half the penalty of Amphibious Assaults, but it is applied to movement as well. The only additional exception here is the Cavalry which actually performs worse than baseline infantry. Still, if an overrun is wanted, then it might be worth it.

Hill & mountain assault

The first choice of course are Mountaineers. Of the tanks, the lighter ones have a lower penalty. Mobile Battalions of all kinds also perform with lower penalties. All Infantry battalions only suffer movement penalties at worst.

External guides

• Beginner's Guide to Unit Types & Division Design
• "Why 40 Width Divisions Are Better Than 20 Width" - A discussion on sizing.

战争